INKQUBO YOKWENZIWA KOTYALO-MALI (UKULAHLEKILE KWEWAX).
Inkqubo yotyalo-mali yindlela eyongayo yokuvelisa iinxalenye zesinyithi ezinobuchwephesha obugqwesileyo bobume kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu, ukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa imisebenzi eyongezelelweyo yomatshini.Yenye yeyona nkqubo indala eyaziwayo.Ubungqina bezinto zakudala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zeplanethi bubonisa ukuba inkqubo yotyalo-mali yaqala kwiBronze Age, malunga ne-4,000 iminyaka BC.Yinkqubo yemizi-mveliso eneenkqubo zolawulo ezisulungekileyo nezingqongqo kwinyathelo ngalinye lokuvelisa asibhozo.
Eli nyathelo lokuqala liqulathe ekudalweni kwepateni elahlayo ubushushu eyenziwe ngokutofwa kwewax kwisingundo (intsimbi yokufa.)
Iipateni zewax ngokubanzi zinemilo yejometri esisiseko efanayo njengenxalenye ephosiweyo egqityiweyo.Inkqubo yokutofa i-wax yenza ezinye iibhula kwipatheni kwaye kuyimfuneko ukuba zisuswe ngononophelo.Kwanamasuntswana amancinane aphantse angabonakali angeyonxalenye yokugqibela ayasuswa kule nkqubo.
Emva kokuchithwa, iipateni ze-wax, ngenkqubo ye-thermal, zihlanganiswe kwimbaleki (i-alsowax-injelwe eyenziwe) ukuze yenze umthi wokuphosa.
Iingqimba ezilandelelanayo zezinto ezikhethekileyo ze-slurry ze-ceramic refractory zisetyenziselwa umthi ngolawulo olungqongqo lobushushu kunye nomswakama.
Emva kokuba umaleko we-ceramic ulungile kwaye womisiwe, umthi wonke ubekwe kwi-autoclave system ukususa i-wax eninzi ngoxinzelelo lwe-steam ukuze kuhlale kuphela i-mold shell shell.Zonke izithuba ezifakwe ngaphambili nge-wax, ngoku azinanto
Ukufezekisa amandla omatshini aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokothuka kwe-thermal, iqokobhe libumba imithi engenanto ibekwe eziko kwiqondo lobushushu obuphezulu obumalunga ne-1,100 C. (2,000 F).
Emva kwenkqubo yokubala, iimbumba zeqokobhe leceramic zizaliswe ngononophelo ngentsimbi engamanzi, ethi nge-gravity iqukuqele kuyo yonke i-mold yangaphakathi, yenze ii-workpieces ezirhabaxa, zonke zincanyathiselwe kwi-sprue.
I-workpieces rough ke inqunyulwe kwi-tress, ifumana ukugqitywa okuthe ngqo (ukugaya, ukulungiswa, unyango lobushushu, umatshini, ukudweba, njl.), kwaye, emva koko, uye kuhlolo olungqongqo lokugqibela lomgangatho ngaphambi kokupakishwa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwi-costumer.
